* [Blog](https://www2.paloaltonetworks.com/blog) * [Palo Alto Networks](https://www2.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/corporate/) * [未分类](https://www2.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/category/%e6%9c%aa%e5%88%86%e7%b1%bb/?lang=zh-hant) * 98%的美国物联网设备流量未加密... # 98%的美国物联网设备流量未加密 [](https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.paloaltonetworks.com%2Fblog%2F2020%2F03%2Funit42-iot-threat-report%2F%3Flang%3Dzh-hans) [](https://twitter.com/share?text=98%25%E7%9A%84%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E7%89%A9%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E8%AE%BE%E5%A4%87%E6%B5%81%E9%87%8F%E6%9C%AA%E5%8A%A0%E5%AF%86&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.paloaltonetworks.com%2Fblog%2F2020%2F03%2Funit42-iot-threat-report%2F%3Flang%3Dzh-hans) [](https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.paloaltonetworks.com%2Fblog%2F2020%2F03%2Funit42-iot-threat-report%2F%3Flang%3Dzh-hans&title=98%25%E7%9A%84%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E7%89%A9%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E8%AE%BE%E5%A4%87%E6%B5%81%E9%87%8F%E6%9C%AA%E5%8A%A0%E5%AF%86&summary=&source=) [](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com//www.reddit.com/submit?url=https://www2.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/2020/03/unit42-iot-threat-report/?lang=zh-hans&ts=markdown) [](mailto:?subject=98%的美国物联网设备流量未加密) Link copied By [Unit 42](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/author/unit-42/?lang=zh-hans&ts=markdown "Posts by Unit 42") Mar 18, 2020 1 minutes [未分类](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/category/%e6%9c%aa%e5%88%86%e7%b1%bb/?lang=zh-hant&ts=markdown) This post is also available in: [繁體中文 (繁体中文)](https://www2.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/2020/03/unit42-iot-threat-report/?lang=zh-hant "切换到 繁体中文(繁體中文)") 威胁情报团队Unit 42于日前发布了《2020年Unit 42物联网威胁报告》，对大洋彼岸的美国物联网设备的网络安全问题进行盘点与总结。其中的重要观点同样值得正在高速发展的中国物联网行业注意和借鉴。 根据Gartner 2019年的一份报告，"到2019年底，预计已有48亿台物联网终端设备投入使用，比2018年增长了21.5％。"物联网（IoT）为各行各业打开了创新和服务的大门，但同时也带来了新的网络安全风险。为了评估物联网威胁现状，Unit 42威胁情报团队使用Palo Alto Networks（派拓网络）物联网安全产品Zingbox^®^对2018-2019年发现的安全事件进行了分析，该产品可监测美国企业IT部门和医疗机构分布在数千个物理位置的120万台物联网设备。我们发现，物联网设备的总体安全状况正在下滑，使企业容易受到针对物联网的新型恶意软件以及早已被IT团队遗忘的老旧技术攻击。该报告详细介绍了物联网威胁格局的范围，哪些物联网设备最容易受到影响，哪些是物联网最大的威胁，以及能够立即降低物联网风险的可行措施。 **加密的物联网设备并不安全** 98％的物联网设备流量未加密，从而造成个人和机密数据暴露于网络。成功绕过第一道防线（最常见的是通过网络钓鱼攻击）并建立命令与控制（C2）协议的攻击者能够侦听未加密的网络流量，收集个人或机密信息，然后利用这些数据在暗网上牟利。 57％的物联网设备易受中等或高强度的攻击，这使物联网成为攻击者的常见目标。由于物联网设备的补丁级别通常较低，因此最常见的攻击是利用已知漏洞和使用默认的设备密码进行密码攻击。 **医疗物联网设备运行的软件已过时** 由于Windows^®^7操作系统即将到期，因此83％的医学影像设备上运行的操作系统已不能获得支持，这一数字与2018年相比增长了56％。这种安全态势的普遍下降为新的攻击打开了大门，例如挖矿劫持（从2017年的0％上升至2019年的5％），并让长期以来被人们遗忘的攻击卷土重来，例如Conficker，IT团队此前曾长期受其困扰。 ![](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/image002.png) 图1: 对医学影像设备提供支持的操作系统分布情况 作为临床工作流程的关键部分，医疗物联网（IoMT）设备的影像系统出现最多安全问题。对于医疗机构而言，51％的威胁涉及影像设备，不仅影响了护理质量，还使攻击者能够窃取存储在这些设备上的患者数据。 **医疗机构的网络安全状况堪忧** 72％的医疗虚拟局域网（VLAN）混合部署了物联网与IT设备，从而使用户计算机内的恶意软件能够传播到同一网络上易受攻击的物联网设备。因为IT传播的攻击会扫描联网设备，以试图利用已知漏洞，因此利用设备漏洞的攻击率高达41％。我们看到，物联网僵尸网络正在从实施拒绝服务攻击（DoS）转向更为复杂的攻击。其目标是通过勒索软件获取患者身份、企业数据和金钱利润。 **针对物联网的网络攻击主要瞄准传统协议** 利用新兴技术（例如P2P C2通信和自传播蠕虫功能）针对物联网设备的威胁正在不断演变。攻击者发现数十年前的传统OT协议（例如DICOM）存在漏洞，并能借此破坏企业的关键业务功能。 **结论与建议** 基于本报告的全面分析，Unit 42团队建议企业安全主管应立即采取行动，以降低企业遭受物联网攻击的风险。以下步骤虽然不全面，但可以大幅降低物联网风险： 1. 了解您的风险状况------发现网络上的物联网设备 2. 为打印机及其他易于打补丁的设备及时打补丁 3. 在虚拟局域网中分隔物联网设备 4. 启用主动监测 要主动了解和管理风险，企业需要有效的物联网安全策略，以做好长期准备。我们的研究团队建议所有物联网策略都应额外包含以下两种措施： 1. 通盘考虑：编排物联网全生命周期 2. 通过产品集成将安全性扩展到所有物联网设备 阅读完整报告，请访问: [Unit 42 IoT Threat Report](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/assets/pdf/reports/Unit_42/2020-unit-42-IoT-threat-report.pdf) *** ** * ** *** ## Related Blogs ### [未分类](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/category/%e6%9c%aa%e5%88%86%e7%b1%bb/?lang=zh-hant&ts=markdown) [#### AI代理已經來臨，威脅也隨之而來](https://www2.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/2025/05/ai-agents-threats/?lang=zh-hant) ### [未分类](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/category/%e6%9c%aa%e5%88%86%e7%b1%bb/?lang=zh-hant&ts=markdown) [#### Strata Copilot - 加速迈向自主网络安全的未来](https://www2.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/network-security/strata-copilot/?lang=zh-hans) ### [未分类](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/category/%e6%9c%aa%e5%88%86%e7%b1%bb/?lang=zh-hant&ts=markdown) [#### 防火墙已死？至少本世纪不会！](https://www2.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/2023/08/ngfw-is-not-dead-yet/?lang=zh-hans) ### [未分类](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/category/%e6%9c%aa%e5%88%86%e7%b1%bb/?lang=zh-hant&ts=markdown) [#### 面对性命攸关的时刻，如何实现可靠的医疗物联网安全](https://www2.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/2022/12/medical-iot-security-to-depend-on/?lang=zh-hans) ### [未分类](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/category/%e6%9c%aa%e5%88%86%e7%b1%bb/?lang=zh-hant&ts=markdown) [#### 利用业界首创的 AIOps for NGFW 革新防火墙运行](https://www2.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/2022/03/industry-first-aiops-for-ngfw/?lang=zh-hans) ### [未分类](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/category/%e6%9c%aa%e5%88%86%e7%b1%bb/?lang=zh-hant&ts=markdown) [#### Prisma Access 是保护远程用户安全的领先云服务](https://www2.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/2021/08/prisma-access-leading-cloud-service-secure-remote-users/?lang=zh-hans) ### Subscribe to the Blog! 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